World Literature on Medicinal Plants from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database -13
World Literature on Medicinal Plants
from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database -13
World Literature on Medicinal Plants
Quoted/Consulted/Modified/Improved/Discussed/Used/Corrected in Pankaj Oudhia’s
Medicinal Plant Database.
For details please visit http://www.pankajoudhia.com
Ellen, R. F. 1979. Omniscience and
Ignorance: Variation in Nuaulu
Knowledge, Identification and
Classification of Animals. Lang. in Soc.
8:337-364.
Ellen, R. F. 1993.
The cultural relations of
classification: an analysis of Nuaulu
animal categories from central Seram
Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Ellen, R. F. 1999. Modes of subsistence and
ethnobiological knowledge: between
extraction and cultivation in southeast
Asia, In: S. Atran and D. Medin (eds.)
Folkbiology, MIT Press, Cambridge,
Mass.
Ellen, R.F., Stimson, A.F., & Menzies, J.I.
1976. Structure and Inconsistency in
Nuaulu Categories for Amphibians. J.
Agricul. Trop. Botan. Appliqee. 23: 125-
138.
Etkin, N.L. 2002. Local Knowledge of Biotic
Diversity and Its Conservation in Rural
Hausaland,
Northern Nigeria Eco.Bot.
56(1): 73–88.
Foster, G.M. 1994. ‘Hippocrates’ Latin
American Legacy.
Humoral Medicine in
the New World. Gordon and Breach
Science Publication, Langhorne (USA).
Frake, C.O. 1962. The ethnographic study of
cognitive systems. In Gladwin, T. and
Sturtevant, W.C. (eds) Anthropology and
Human Behaviour, Washington DC: The
Anthropological Society of Washington.
Repr. 1969. In Cognitive Anthropology,
Tyler, S.A. (ed.), New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, p. 28-41. & 1980
in Languages and cultural description:
Essays by Charles O. Frake, (ed.) Anwatr
S. Dil. Standford: Standford University
Press, p. 1-17.
Friedberg, C. 1979. Socially significant plant
species and their taxonomic position
among the Bunaq of Central Timor, pp.
81–100. In: Roy F. Ellen and R. D. Rason
(eds.) Classification in their social
context, Academic Press, New York.
Frei, B., Sticher, O., Viesca TrevinÄ o, C.
and Heinrich, M. 1998. Plants as
medicines and food: Zapotec criteria for
selection. J. Appl. Bot. 72(3/4): 82-86.
Gal, S. 1973. Inter-Informant Cariability in an
Ethno-Zoological Taxonomy. Anthropol.
Ling. 15:203-219, 91(1): 174-177.
Garcia, J., Lasiter, P.S., Bermudez-Rattoni,
F., & Deems, D.A. 1985. A general
theory of aversion learning. Annals New
York Acad. Sci. 433: 8-22.
Gatewood, J.B. 1983. Loose Talk: Linguistic
Competence and Recognition Ability.
American Anthropol.. 85: 378-387.
Getchell, T.V., Doty, R.C., Bartoshuk, L.M.,
& Snow Jr., J.B. (eds.). 1991. Smell and
taste in health and disease. Raven Press,
New York.
Godfray, S. and I. Knapp. 2004. Introduction.
Taxonomy for the twenty-first century.
Philoso. Trans. Royal Soc. B: Biological
Sciences 359:559–569.
Gollin, L. 2004. Subtle and profound sensory
attributes of medicinal plants among the
Kenyah Leppo' Ke of East Kalimantan,
Borneo. J. Ethnobiol. 24: 173-201.
Gottesfeld, L.M.J. 1992. Short
communication: use of cinder conk
(Inonotus obliquus)
by the Gitksan of
Northwestern British Columbia, Canada.
J. Ethnobiol. 12(1): 153-156.
Gottesfeld, L.M.J. 1993. Plants, Land, and
People, the Ethnobotany of the Wet’
suwet’en. MA thesis, University of
Alberta, Edmonton.
Gyulai, F. (ed.) 2000. Preservation and Use
of Agrobiodiversity. A lecture dedicated
to A. Jánossy (1908-1975), the founder of
the Hungarian Agrobotanical Institute and
Genebank. - Agr. Mus., Inst. Agrobot.,
Budapest, Tápiószele.
Hammond, P. 1992. Species inventory. In
Global biodiversity: status of the earth’s
living resources, (ed.) B. Groombridge,
pp. 17–39. London: Chapman & Hall.
Harlan, J.R. 1975. Crops and Man. American
Society of Agronomy, Madison,
Wisconsin. 295 p.
Hays, T.E. 1976. An empirical method for the
identification of covert categories in
Ethnobiology.
American Ethnol. 3: 489-
507.
Hays, T.E. 1974. Manua: explorations in
Ndumba Ethnobotany. Unpubl. Ph.D.
dissert. (Anthrop.) Univ. Washington.
Hays, T.E. 1980. Uses of wild plants in
Ndumba, Eastern Highlands Province.
Science in New Guinea. 7: 118-131.
Hays, T.E. 1982. Utilitarian/adaptationist
Explanations of Folk Biological
Classifications: Some Cautionary Notes.
J. Ethnobiol. 2: 89-94.
Heinrich, M. 1998. Indigenous Concepts of
Medicinal Plants in Oaxaca, Mexico:
Lowland Mixed Plant Classification
Based on Organoleptic Characteristics. J.
App. Bot. 72: 75-81.
Hor, M., Rimpler, H., & Heinrich, M. 1995.
Inhibition of intestinal chloride secretion
by proanthcyanidins fromGuazuma
ulmifolia, Planta Medica. 61: 208-212.
Howes, D. 1987. Olfaction and transition: An
essay on the ritual uses of smells. Rev.
Canad. Sociol. Anthropol. 24: 398-416.
Hunn, E. 1975. Cognitive processes in
folkornithology: the identification of gulls.
Language-Behaviour Research
Laboratory, University of California,
Berkeley, CA, USA. Working Paper No.
42: 1-73.
Hunn, E. 1982. The Utilitarian Factor in Folk
Biological Classification. American
Anthropol. 84(4): 830-847.
Hunn, E. 1999. Size as Limiting the
Recognition of Biodiversity in
Folkbiological Classifications: One of
Four Factors Governing the Cultural
Recognition of Biological Taxa. In: S.
Atran and D. Medin (eds.) Folkbiology,
MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Hunn, E. 2000. Alternatives to Taxonomic
Hierarchy: The Sahaptin Case, pp. 118-
139. In: Paul E. Minnis (ed.)
Ethnobotany: a Reader, University of
Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Hunn, E.S., & French, D.H. 1984. Alternative
to taxonomic hierarchy: the Sahaptin
case. J. Ethobiol.. 4(1): 73-92.
Jinxiu, W., Jongmao, L., Huabin, H., & Lei,
G. 2004. Participatory approach for rapid
assessment of plant diversity through a
folk classification system in a tropical
rainforest: Case study in Xishuangbanna,
China. Conserv. Biol. 18(4): 1139-1142.
Johns, T. 1990. With Bitter Herbs They Shall
Eat it. University of Arizona Press, USA.
Johns, T. & Keen, S.L. 1985. Determinants of
taste perception and classification among
the Aymara of Bolivia. Ecol. Food and
Nutrition 16: 253-271.
Johnson, Leslie Main.1999. Gitksan Plant
Classification and Nomenclature. J.
Ethnobiol. 19(2): 179-218.
Johnson-Gottesfeld, Leslie, M., & Vitt, D.H.
1996. The identification of Sphagum for
diapers by North American Indigenous
People. Evansia. 13(3): 103-108.
Johnson-Gottesfeld, Leslie, M., & Hargus, S.
1998. Classification and nomenclature in
Witsuwit’en
Ethnobotany: A Preliminary
Examination. J. Ethnobiol. 18(1): 69-101.
Kakudidi, E.K. 2004. Folk plant classification
by communities around Kibale National
Park, Western
Uganda African J. Ecol.
42: 57-63.
Kanglin, W.,
Jianchu, X., Shengji, P., &
Sanyang, C. 2000. Folk Classification and
Conservation of Bamboo in
Xichuangbanna, Yunnan, Southwest
China. J. Ethnobiol. 20(1): 113-127.
Kanglin, W., & Hsueh, C. 1990.
Ethnobotanical studies of bamboo
resources in Mengsong, Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan, China.
Bamboo Res. 10(2): 32-
40.
Kay, P. 1971. Taxonomy and Semantic
Contrast. Language 7:866-887.
Krifka, M. 2001.
Lexikalische Semantik.
Berlin: Institut für deutsche Sprache und
Linguistik, Humboldt-Universität Berlin.
Kirchner, M. 2000. Gestalt Therapy Theory:
An Overview. Gestalt! [Online] available
at http://www.g-gej.org/4-
3/theoryoverview.html (verified 2003).
Lal, L. & Lal, R., 2004. Sustainable
Agriculture and the International RiceWheat
System. Marcel Dekker, New
York, USA. Pp. 450.
Leonti, M., Sticher, O., & Heinrich, M. 2002.
Medicinal plants of the Popoluca,
Mexico: organoleptic properties as
indigenous selection criteria. J.
Ethnopharmacol. 81(3): 307 –315.
Levi-Strauss, C. 1966. The savaged mind,
Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.
Lopez Austin, A. 1980. Cuerpo humano e
ideologia: Las concepciones de los
antiguos Nahuas. Serie Antropologica 39.
Universidad Nacional Autonoma,
Instituto de Investigaciones
Antropologicas, Mexico, D.F.
May, R.M. 1988. How many species are there
on earth? Science 241:1441–1449.
Maddalon, M. 1998. Conoscere, riconoscere,e
ehiamare. Riflessioni problematiche sulle
etnoclassificazioni biologiche. Quaderni
di Semantica 2: 213-282.
Maffi, I. 2001.
On biodiversity: linking
language, knowledge, and the
environment. Smithsonian Institution
Press, Washington, D.C.
Malinowski, B. 1974.
Magic, science and
religion. Souvenir Press. (Reprint of 1925
edition), London.
Martin, G.J. 1995.
Ethnobotany. Chapman
and Hall, London, Uk.
Messer, D. 1991. Systematic and medicinal
reasoning in Mitla folk botany. J. Ethnopharmacol.
33:107-128.
Morris, B. 1984. The pragmatics of folk
classification. J. Ethnobiol. 4(1): 45 – 60.
Morris, B. 2000. The Pragmatics of Folk
Classification, pp. 69-87. In: Paul E.
Minnis, (ed.)
Ethnobotany: a Reader,
University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Newmaster, S.G., Ragupathy, S.,
Balasubramaniyan, N.C., & Ivanoff, R.F.
2006. The Multi-Mechanistic Taxonomy
of the Irulas in Tamil Nadu, South India.
J. Ethnobiol. (accepted – in press).
Oldfield, M. 1990. Summary of the
Discussion, In: G. Orians, G. Brown, W.
Kunin, and J. Swierzbinski (eds.), The
Preservation and Valuation of Biological
Resources. Seattle: University of
Washington Press, 84-94.
O’Mahony M. & Tsang T. 1980. A
preliminary comparison of Cantonese and
American-English as taste languages.
British J. Psychol. 71(2):221-226.
O’Mahony, M. & Ishii R. 1986. A
comparison of English and Japanese taste
languages: Taste descriptive
methodology, codability, and the umami
taste. British J. Psychol. 77: 161-174.
O'Mahoney, M. & Ishii, R. 1987. The umami
taste concept: implication for the dogma
of four basic tastes p. 365-385. In
Kawamura, Y. & Kare, M. R. (eds)
Umami: A Basic Taste, Marcel Dekker,
New York, NY.
Ohmagari, K., & Berkes, F. 1997.
Transmission of Indigenous Knowledge
and Bush Skills Among the Western
James Bay Cree of Subarctic Canada.
Human Ecol. 25(2): 197-221.
Pakia, M. 2005. African Traditional Plant
Knowledge Today: An ethnobotanical
study of the Igo at the Kenya Coast.
Ph.D. Dissertation (Biology, Chemistry
and Geoscience). The University Of
Bayreuth; Bayreuth, Germany.
Pakia, M. 1997. An ethnobotany survey of the
kaya complex in Kwale District. A report
submitted to People and Plants
(UNESCO) and Coastal Forest
Conservation Unit (NMK).
Pakia, M. & J. Cooke. 2003 a. The
ethnobotany of the Midzichenda tribes of
the coastal forest areas in Kenya: 1.
General perspective and non-medicinal
plant uses.
South African J. Bot. 69(3):
370- 381.
Pakia, M. & J. Cooke. 2003 b. The
ethnobotany of the Midzichenda tribes of
the coastal forest areas in Kenya: 2.
Palgrave, K.C. 1977.
Trees of Southern
Africa. Cape Town: Struik (New
edition revised and updated by Meg
Coates Palgrave).
Pardo de Santayana, M. 2003. Nomenclatura
popular de Quercus (Fagaceae) en los
valles meridionales de Cantabria
(España). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid. 60(
1): 189-197.
Pieroni, A., Nebel, S., Quave, C., Münz, H.,
& Heinrich, M. 2002. thnopharmacology
of liakra: traditional weedy vegetables of
the Arbëreshë of the Vulture area in
southern Italy. J. Ethnopharmacol. 81(2):
165-185.
Posey, D A. 1984. Hierarchy and Utility in a
Folk Biological Taxonomic System:
Patterns in Classification of Arthropods
by the Kayapo Indians of Brazil. J.
Ethnobiol. 4(2): 123-139.
Ragupathy, S. & Mahadevan, A. 1996.
Traditional medicine and ethno-botany
among Dravidian tribal communities. In
T.M. Menon (ed.) Encyclopaedia of
Dravidian tribes, pp. 1–5. International
School of Dravidian Linguistic,
Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Ragupathy, S. 1992. Flora of Thanjavur
district. Unpubl. Ph.D. dissert. (Center for
Advanced Study in Botany) Univ.
Madras, India.
Ragupathy, S. & Mahadevan, A. 1991.
Ethnobotany of Kodiakkarai Reserve
Forest. Tamil Nadu, South India.
Ethnobotany 3: 79-82.
Ramnath, M. 2002. Gonds, Linnaeus and
botanical techniques: Plants and
conservation in tropical forests. Nat.
Resourc. Forum 26: 314-319.
Randall, R. A., and Hunn, E.S. 1984. Do
Life-Forms Evolve or Do Uses for Life?
Some Doubts about Brown's Universals
Hypotheses.
American Ethnol. 11(2):
329-349.
Rengalakshmi, R. 2005. Folk Biological
Classification of Minor millet Species in
Kolli Hills, India. J. Ethnobiol. 25(1): 59-
70.
Robbins, W.W., Harringotn, J.P. & FreireMarreco,
B. 1916. Ethnobotany of Tewa
Indians. Bulletin No. 55, Bureau of
American Ethnology, Washington D.C.
Rosch, E., Mervis, C.B., Gray, W. Johnson,
D. & Boyes-Braem. 1975. Basic objects
in Natural categories. Cognitive Psychol.
8:382-439.
Rosch, E. C., Simpson, C. & Miller, R.S.
1976. Structural Basis of Typicality
Effects. J. Exper. Psychol. 2: 491-502.
Rozin, P. 1982. Human food selection: The
interaction of biology, culture, and
individual experience, pp. 225-254. In:
Baker, L.M. (ed.)
The psychobiology of
human food selection, AVI Publishing
Co., Inc., Wesport, CN.
Rozin, P. 1990. Getting to like the burn of
chilli pepper: Biological, psychological,
and cultural perspectives, pp231-270. In:
Green, B.G., Mason, J., Kare, R., and
Morley, R. (eds.)
Chemical Sense,
Volume 2, Irritation, Marcel Dekker Inc.,
New York.
Shepard, G.H. 2004. A sensory ecology of
medicinal plant therapy in two
Amazonian societies.
American
Anthropol. 106: 252-266.
Sillitoe, P. 1983.
Roots of the Earth: The
Cultivation and Classification of Crops in
the Papua New Guinea highlands.
University of Manchester Press,
Manchester.
Sillitoe, P. 2002. Contested Knowledge,
Contingent Classification: Animals in the
Highlands of Papua New Guinea.
American Anthropol. 104(4): 1162-1171.
Smith, H. I. 1926. Ethno-botany of the
Gitksan Indians of British Columbia. 2
nd
Copy. 1192. 4A. B90 F1. Unpublished
manuscript on file at the Canadian
Museum of Civilization, hull, Quebec.
Smith-Bowen, E. 1964. Return to Laughter.
Garden City: Doubleday.
Spear, T. 1978.
The kaya Complex. Nairobi:
Kenya Literature Bureau.
Stross, B. 1973. Acquisition of Botanical
Terminology by Tzeltal Children, pp.
107-141. In: Edmonson, M.S. (Ed.)
Meaning in Mayan Languages, The
Hague:Mouton.
Stoller, P. 1989.
The taste of ethnographic
things: The senses in anthropology.
University of Pennsylvania Press,
Philadelphia.
Taller, D.O., & Pierre, B. 1987. Categories
pratiques et taxonomie: notes sur les
classifications et les pratiques botanques
des Nahuas (Sierra Norte de Puebla,
Mexique).
Researches Amerindiennes au
Quebec. 17(4): 17-35.
Teshome, A., Baum, B.R., Fahrig, L.,
Torrance, J.K., Arnason, T.J. & Lambert,
J.D. 1997. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor
(L.) Moench) landrace variation and
classification in North Shewa and South
Welo, Ethiopia. Euphytica. 97: 255-263.
Trumper, J., Maddalon, M., Vigolo, M.T., &
Misiti, N. 1999. II possibile ruolo della
linguistica in rapporto ai saperi
naturalistici.
Quaderni di Semantica. 1:
147-157.
Turner, N. 1987. General plant categories in
Thompson and Lillooet, two Interior
Salish languages of British Columbia. J.
Ethnobiol. 7: 55-82.
Turner, N. 1989. “All berries have relations,”
mind-range folk plant groupings in
Thompson and Lillooet Interior Salish. J.
Ethnobiol.
9(1): 69-110.
Turner, N. 2000. General Plant Categories in
Thompson (Nlaka’pamux) and Lillooet
Turner, N. J. 1974. Plant taxonomic systems
and Ethnobotany of three contemporary
Indian groups of the Pacific Northwest
(Haida, Bella, Coola, and Lillooet).
Syesis. 7(1): 1-104.
Turner, N.J., Laurence, C.T., Thomson, M.T.,
& York, A.Z. 1990. Thomson
Ethnobotany, Knowledge and Usage of
Plants by the Thompson Indians of
British Columbia. In: Memoir No. 3,
Royal British Columbia Museum. Royal
British Columbia Museum, Victoria.
Walker, W. 1966. Inflectional classes and
taxonomic structure in Zuni. Int.
J.
American Ling. 37(2): 217-227.
Whitehead, H. 1995. Identifying Game
Species with the Aid of Pictures in Papua
New Guinea. Pacific Studies. 18(4): 1-38.
Womersley, J.S. 1972. Crop plants pp. 222-
232. In:
Encyclopaedia of Papua and
New Guinea, University Press,
Melbourne.
Wuethrich, B. 2000. Linguistics: learning the
world’s languages-before they vanish.
Science 288:
383-390.
1. A!exander,
J. and
Coursey, D.G. (1969) The origins of yam cultivation. The
Domestication and Exploitation of Pants
and Animals.
P.J. Ucko and G.W. Dlmbleby (ed). Gerald Duckworth, London.
2.
Arinze, F.A. (1970)
Sacrifice in Iho religion. Ibadan
University Press.
3. Ayensu,
E.S. and Coursey, D.G. (1972)
Guinea yams. Econ. Bot 26,301-1B.
4. Barrau,
J. (1963) Plants and the Migrations of Man in the
Pacific. B.P. Bishop Museum. HawaII.
6. Barrau,
J. (1965) L'humlde et Ie sec. J. Polynesian Soc. 74,329-46.
6. - - - - -
(1965) Histoireet prehistorle de
l'Oceanie Tropicale. J. Soc.
Ocemistes. 21, 56-7B.
7. - - - - -
(1970) La region
indo-pacifique comme centre
de mise en culture et de domestication des vegetaux.
J.
Agric. Trop. Bot. appl17, 482-503.
B. Burklll,
I. H. (1924) A list of oriental vernacular names of the
genus Di08corea, Gdna. Bull. Straits Settl, 3, 121-244.
9. - - - - -
(1951) The rise and decline of the Greater Yam in the service
of Man. Advtmt. Sci Lond. 7,443-8.
10. - - - - -
(1953) Habits of man
and the history of cultivated
plants in the Old World.
Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond.
164,
12-42.
11. Campbell;
B.G. (1966) Human Evolution. Aldine. Chicago.
12. Chang,
K.C. (1970) The beginnings of agriculture in the Far
East. Antiquity, 44. 176-86.
13. Cipriani,
L. (1966) The Andaman Islanders. Weldenfeld and Nicholson. London.
14. Coursey,
D.G. (1967) Yams.
Longmans, London.
15. - - - - -
(1972) The origins
and domestication of yams
in Africa. Wenner Gren
Foundation for Anthropological
Research, Burg Wartenstein Symp. No. 66. The Origin
of African Plant Domesticates.
16. - - - --
- (1972) The civilizations
of the yam: inter-relationships
of man and yams in
Africa and the Indo-paclfic
region. Archaeol. Phys. Anthropol. Oceania. 7,216-33.
17. - - - - -
(1973) Genetic erosion of yams in West Africa. Crop Genetic
Resources in their Centres of Diversity. O.H.
Frankel (ed).
FAO/IBP Rome, pp. 67-9.
18. - - - - -
and Coursey, C.K. (1971) The new yam festivals of West Africa.
Anthropos. 66.444-8.
19. Davies,
O. (1968) The origins of agriculture in West Africa.
Curro AnthropoL 9,479-82.
20.
Golson, J. (1971)
Australian Aboriginal food plants:
some ecological and culture historical implications. Aboriginal
Man and Environment
in Australia. D.J.
Mulvaney and J.
Golson (eds). Australian
National Unlv. Press,
Canberra. pp.
196-23B.
21.
Harlan,J.R. (1971) Agricultural Origin:
centresandnoncentres.Science. 174, 46B-7 4.
168 22.
Haudricourt, A.G. (1964) Nature et culture dans la civilization de
I'igname: I'orlgine des clones et des clans. L'Homme.
4,93-104.
23. - - - - -
(1964) Aspects qualltifs des
civilizations agricoles de la societe de communaute primitive. Congo of Anthro- ,
po logical and Ethnological Sciences, Moscow. 5,
506-7.
24. - - - - -
and Hedin, L.
(1943) L"Homme et les Plantes
Cultivees. Libraire Ballimead, Paris.
25. Haynes,
P.H. and Coursey, D.G. (1969)
Gigantism in the yam. Trop. Sci.
11,93-6.
26.
Igbozurike, M.V. (1971) Ecological balance in tropical agriculture.
GeogrL Rev. 61,519-29.
27.
Jones, R. (1968)
The geographical background
to the arrival of man
in Australia and Tasmania,
ArcheoI. Phys. AnthropoI.
Oceania. 3, 186-215.
28. Lea,
D.A.M. (1966) Yam growing in the Maprik area. Papua New
Guinea J. Agric. 18,5-15.
29. - - - - -
(1969) Some non-nutritive functions of food in New Guinea. Settlement and
Encounter. F. Gale and G.H.
Lawton (eds). Oxford University Press.
30. Lomax, A.
and Berkowitz, N. (1972) The evolutionary taxonomy of culture. Science
177, 228-39.
31. Miege,
J. (1954) Les cultures vivrleres en Afrique
Occidentale. Cah. d'Outre-Mer. 7,25-50.
32. Opolu,
A.A. (1970) Festivals of Ghana. Ghana Publishing Corporation, Accra.
33. Powell,
J.M. (1970) The history of agriculture in the New Guinea
highlands. Search 1, 199-200.
34. Rousseau,
J. -J. (1755) Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de
l'inegalite parmi les hommes. Paris.
35. Sauer,
C.O. (1952) Agricultural origins and dispersals. The American Geographic Society, New York.
36. Smith, P.
E. L. (1972) The consequences offood production,
Addison-Wesley Modular Publications. Module 31,
1-38.
37. Solheim,
W.G. (1972) An earlier Agricultural Revolution. Scientific American 226, 34-41.
38. Tuzin,
W.F. (1972) Yam symbolism in the Sepik: an Interpretive
account. Southwestern J. Anthropol. 28,230-54.
39.
Uchendu, V.C. (1970)
Cultural and economic factors Influencing habit patterns in sub-Saharan
Africa. Proc. 3rd Int.
Cong. Fd.
Sci. Techno!. 160-8.
40. Waitt,
A.W. (1965) A key to some Nigerian variations of yam
(Dioscorea spp.). Memorandum No. 60,
Federal Department of Agricultural
Research.
Dan Moerman’s Native American Ethnobotany Database,
http://wwwherb.umd.umich.edu/
Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical
databases. http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/
Calderón E & D Sharon. 1978. Terapia de la
Curandia, Lima.
Fort Lewis College’s Ethnoecology Database,
http://wwwanthro.fortlewis.edu/
ethnobotany/database.htm
NAPRALERT,
http://www.cas.org/ONLINE/DBSS/napralertss.html
UCR’s Ethnobotany Database
http://www.maya.ucr.edu/pril/ethnobotanydatabase/ database.html
Unicode Language List,
http://www.unicode.org/onlinedat/languages-scripts.html
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, http://www.ars.usda.gov
[1] Hardin, J. W. A revision of the American
Hippocastanaceae. Brittonia, 1957, 9, 145-95.
[2] Hardin, J. W. Studies in the hippocastanaceae,
V. species of the old
world. Brittonia, 1960, 12, 26-38.
[3] Xia, N.H.; Thurland, N.J.; Gadek, P.A.
Hippocastanaceae. In Flora
of China, Vol. 12, pp. 1-4. 'eFloras (2010).
Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org’, Missouri Botanical Garden,
St. Louis MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA [accessed
June 30, 2010]
[4] Xiang, Q. Y.; Crawford, D. J.; Wolfe, A. D.;
Tang, Y. C.; DePamphilis, C. W. Origin and biogeography of Aesculus L. (Hippcastanaceae): a molecular
phylogenetic perspective. Evolution, 1998,
52(4), 988-997.
[5] Sirtori, C.R. Aescin: pharmacology,
pharmacokinetics and therapeutic profile. Pharmacol. Res., 2001, 44, 183-93.
[6] Bisset, N. G. Herbal Drugs and
Phytopharmaceuticals. Medpharm
Scientific Publishers, CRC Press: Stuttgart, Germany, 1994; pp.
268-272.
[7] Bielanski, T. E.; Piotrowski, Z. H.
Horse-chestnut seed extract for
chronic venous insufficiency. J. Fam. Pract., 1999,
48, 171-172.
[8] Kahn, S. R. Review: horse chestnut seed extract
is effective for
symptoms of
chronic venous insufficiency. ACP J. Club, 2006,
145(1), 20.
[9] Persson, I. A. L.; Persson, K. Horse chestnut
(Aesculus hippocastanum L.). Recent Prog. Med. Plants, 2010, 28, 159-171.
[10] Jiangsu New Medical College. Zhong Yao Da Ci
Dian. Shanghai
People's Public Health Press: Shanghai, P. R. China,
1977; pp.
1961.
[11] Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of
Medical Sciences. Zhong Yao Zhi. People's Health Press: Beijing, P.R.
China,
1984; vol. 4, pp. 555.
[12] Koch, K. Monographie du genre Aesculus
(translated from German
by A. de Borre). Belg. Hortic., 1857, 7, 309-319.
[13] Forest, F.; Drouin, J. N.; Charest, R. C.;
Brouillet, L.; Bruneau, A.
F. A morphological phylogenetic analysis of Aesculus
L. and Billia
Peyr. (Sapindaceae). Can. J. Bot., 2001, 79,
154-169.
[14] Turland, N.J.; Xia, N.H. A new combination in
Chinese Aesculus
(Hippocastanaceae). Novon, 2005, 15, 488-489.
[15] Umadevi, I.; Daniel, M. Chemosystematics
of the sapindaceae.
Feddes Repert., 1991, 102, 607-612.
[16] Zhang, Z. Z.; Li, S. Y.; Zhang, S. M.;
Gorenstein, D. Triterpenoid
saponins from the fruits of Aesculus pavia. Phytochemistry,
2006,
67(8), 784-794.
[17] Chanon, A. M. Studies on the reproductive
capacity of Aesculus
parviflora and A. pavia: Opportunities for their
improvement
through interspecific hybridization. The Ohio State
University Thesis, 2005, 264 pp.
[18] Bombardelli, E.; Morazzoni, P.; Griffini, A.
Aesculus hippocastanum L. Fitoterapia, 1996, 67(6), 483-511.
[19] Ogawa, S.; Kimura, H.; Niimi, A.; Katsube, T.;
Jisaka, M.; Yokota,
K. Fractionation and structural characterization of
polyphenolic antioxidants from seed shells of Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus
turbinata Blume). J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008,
56(24), 12046-
12051.
[20] Sato, I.; Kofujita, H.; Tsuda, S.
Identification of COX inhibitors in
the hexane extract of Japanese horse chestnut
(Aesculus turbinata)
seeds. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 2007, 69(7), 709-712.
[21] Parmar, C.; Kaushal, M. K. Aesculus indica. In
Wild Fruits, Kalyani Publishers: New Delhi, India, 1982; pp. 6-9.
[22] Collingwood, G..H.; Brush, W. Knowing your
trees. American
Forestry Assoc., Washington, D.C. 1964.
[23] Hamel, P.B.; Chiltoskey, M.U. Cherokee plants
and their uses: A
400-year history. Herald Publishing, Sylva, NC,
1975.
[24] Bocek, B.R. Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians,
California, based
on collections by John P. Harrington. Econ. Bot.,
1984, 38(2), 240-
255.
[25] Cainelli, G.; Melera, A.; Arigoni, D.; Jeger,
O. Zur kenntnis der
triterpene. 194. Konstitution des Äscigenins. Helv.
Chim. Acta,
1957, 40(7), 2390-2409.
[26] Wulff, G.; Tschesche, R. Uber triterpene-XXVI
Uber die struktur
der
rosskastaniensaponine (aescin)
und die aglykone verwandter
glykoside. Tetrahedron, 1969, 25, 415-436.
[27] Konoshima, T.; Lee, K. H. Antitumor agents, 82.
Cytotoxic sapogenols from Aesculus hippocastanum. J. Nat. Prod., 1986, 49(4),
650-656.
[28] Kuhn, R.; Low, I. Uber die protoascigenin aus
ascin. Tetrahedron,
1966, 22, 1899-906.
[29] Sati, O. P.; Rana, U. Triterpenoids of Aesculus
indica. Die Pharmazie, 1987, 42(2), 141.
[30] Schrutka-Rechtenstamm, R.; Robien, W.;
Jurenitsch, J. Structure of
the sapogenins of seeds from Aesculus pavia L.
Pharmazie, 1988,
43, 208-210.
[31] Aurada, E.; Jurenitsch, J.; Kubelka, W.
Structure of TriterpeneSapogenins of Aesculus glabra. Planta Med., 1984, 50(5),
391-394.
[32] Liu, H. W.; Yao, X. S.; Wang, N. L.; Cai, G. P.
Chemical components of Aesculus assamica. Zhongguo Tianran Yaowu, 2005, 3(6),
350-353.
[33] Prakash, D.; Misra, G.; Nigam, S. K. Chemistry
of Aesculus punduana Wall. (A. assamica Griff.) seeds. Fitoterapia, 1980,
51(6),
285-287.
[34] Yang, L.; Zhao, X. A.; Ma, L. B. Studies on
sapogenins of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, 1996, 21(10),
617-
618.
[35] Hoppe, W.; Gieren, A.; Brodherr, T. R.; Wulff.
G. Structure of the
principal aglycone of horse chestnut saponin, Angew
Chem. Int. Ed.
Engl., 1968, 7, 547-548.
[36] Pietta, P.; Mauri, P.; Maffei Faccino, R.;
Carini, M. Highperformance liquid chromatographic analysis of β-escin. J. Chromatograph., 1989, 478,
259-263.
[37] Facino, R. M.; Carini, M.; Moneti, G.;
Arlandini, E.; Pietta, P.;
Mauri, P. Mass spectrometric characterization
of horse chestnut
saponins (Escin). Org. Mass. Spectrom., 1991, 26,
989.
[38] Yoshikawa, M.; Harada, E.; Murakami, T.;
Matsuda, H.; Wariishi,
N.; Yamahara, J.; Murakami, N.; Kitagawa, I. Escins
Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb,
and IIIa, bioactive triterpene oligoglycosides from
the seeds of
Aesculus hippocastanum L.: their inhibitory effects
on ethanol absorption and hypoglycemic activity on glucose tolerance test.
Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42(6), 1357-1359.
[39] Yoshikawa, M.; Murakami, T.; Matsuda, H.;
Yamahara, J.; Murakami, N.; Kitagawa, I. Bioactive saponins and glycosides.
III.
Horse chestnut. (1): the structures, inhibitory
effects on ethanol absorption, and hypoglycemic activity of escins Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, and
IIIa from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L.
Chem. Pharm.
Bull., 1996, 44(8), 1454-1464.
[40] Yoshikawa, M.; Murakami, T.; Yamahara, J.;
Matsuda, H. Bioactive saponins and glycosides. XII. Horse chesnut. (2):
Structures of
escins IIIb, IV, V, and VI and Isoescins Ia, Ib, and V, acylated
polyhydroxyoleanene triterpene oligoglycosides, from
the seeds of
horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum L.,
Hippocastanaceae.
Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1998, 46(11), 1764-1769.
[41] Zhao, J.; Yang, X. W. Chemical constituents of
Japanese buckeye
seed (Aesculus turbinata) I. Isolation and
identification of escins Ia
and Ib. Zhongcaoyao, 1999, 30(5), 327-332.
[42] Kimura, H.; Watanabe, A.; Jisaka, M.; Yamamoto,
T.; Kimura, Y.;
Katsube, T.; Yokota, K. Chemical structures of saponins from
seeds of edible horse chestnuts (Aesculus turbinata)
after treatment
with wooden ashes and their hypoglycemic activity. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku
Kogaku Kaishi, 2004, 51(12), 672-679.
[43] Kimura, H.; Ogawa, S.; Jisaka, M.; Kimura, Y.;
Katsube, T.; Yokota,
K. Identification of novel saponins from edible
seeds of Japanese
horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata Blume) after treatment with
wooden ashes and their nutraceutical activity. J. Pharm. Biomed.
Anal., 2006, 41(5), 1657-1665.
[44] Yang, X. W.; Zhao, J.; Hatori, Y. Chemical
constituents of Japanese buckeye seed (Aesculus turbinata) Part II. Isolation
and identification of escins IVc and
isoescins Ia, Ib. Zhongcaoyao, 2000,
31(9), 648-651.
[45] Yang, X. W.; Zhao, J.; Hattori, M. Three new triterpenoid
saponins
from the seeds of
Aesculus turbinata. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res.,
2008, 10(3-4), 259-265.
[46] Zhang, Z. Z.; Koike, K.; Jia, Z.; Nikaido, T.;
Guo, D. A.; Zheng, J.
H. New saponins from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis. Chem.
Pharm. Bull., 1999, 47(11), 1515-1520.
[47] Yang, X. W.; Zhao, J.; Cui, Y. X.; Liu, X. H.;
Ma, C. M.; Hattori,
M.; Zhang, L. H. Anti-HIV-1 protease triterpenoid
saponins from
the seeds of Aesculus chinensis. J. Nat. Prod.,
1999, 62(11), 1510-
1513.
[48] Zhao, J.; Yang, X. W.; Hattori, M. Three new
triterpene saponins
from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis. Chem. Pharm.
Bull., 2001,
49(5), 626-628.
[49] Zhao, J.; Yang, X. W. Four new triterpene
saponins from the seeds
of Aesculus
chinensis. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2003, 5(3), 197-
203.
[50] Wei, F.; Ma, L. Y.; Jin, W. T.; Ma, S. C.; Han,
G. Z.; Khan, I. A.;
Lin, R. C. Antiinflammatory triterpenoid saponins
from the seeds
of Aesculus
chinensis. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2004, 52(10), 1246-
1248.
[51] Yang, X. W.; Zhao, J.; Quyang, S. Studies on
triterpenoid saponins
from seeds of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. Zhongcaoyao,
2002, 33(5),
389-391.
[52] Guo, J.; Yang, X. W. Studies on triterpenoid
saponins of seeds of
Aesculus chinensis Bunge var. chekiangensis. J.
Chin. Pharm. Sci.,
2004, 13(2), 87-91.
[53] Yang, X. W.; Guo, J. Isolation and
identification of triterpenoid
saponins from Aesculus chinensis Bunge var.
chekiangensis.
Zhongguo Xinyao Zazhi, 2007, 16(17), 1373-1376.
[54] Sakurai, T.; Nishimura, T.; Otake, N.; Yao, X.
S.; Abe, K.; Zeida,
M.; Nagasawa, H. Assamicin I and II, novel
triterpenoid saponins
with insulin-like activity from Aesculus assamica
Griff. Bioorg.
Med. Chem. Lett., 2002, 12(5), 807-810.
[55] Liu, H. W.; Zhang, X.; Gao, H.; Wang, N. L.;
Jin, S. L.; Cai, B.;
Yao, X. S.; Cai, G. P. Two new triterpenoid
glycosides isolated
from Aesculus assamica GRIFF. Chem. Pharm. Bull.,
2005,
53(10), 1310-1313.
[56] Liu, H. W.; Yao, X. S.; Wang, N. L.; Cai, G. P.
A new triterpenoid
saponin isolated from the seeds of Aesculus assamica
Griff. Chin.
Chem. Lett., 2006, 17(2), 211-2114.
[57] Liu, H. W.; Wang, M. Y.; Song, X. Y.; Xia, Y.;
Zhao, Y. S.; Song,
X. H.; Jiang, M. M.; Zhang, X.; Gao, H.; Wang, N.
L.; Yao, X. S.
Three escin-like triterpene saponins: assamicins VI,
VII and VIII.
Helv. Chim. Acta, 2008, 91(9), 1704-1711.
[58] Singh, B.; Agrawal, P. K.; Thakur, R. S.
Aesculuside-A, a new
triterpene glycoside from Aesculus indica. Planta
Med., 1986,
52(5), 409-410.
[59] Singh, B.; Agrawal, P. K.; Thakur, R. S.
Aesculuside B, a new
triterpene glycoside from Aesculus indica. J. Nat.
Prod., 1987,
50(5), 781-783.
[60] Sati, O. P.; Rana, U. A new molluscicidal
triterpenic glycoside
from Aesculus indica. Inter J. Crude Drug Res.,
1987, 25(3), 158-
160.
[61] Zhang, Z. Z.; Li, S. Y. Cytotoxic triterpenoid
saponins from the
fruits of
Aesculus pavia L. Phytochemistry, 2007, 68(15), 2075-
2086.
[62] Ikram, M.; Khan, M. I.; Kawano, N. Chemical
investigation of
Aesculus indica. Planta Med., 1978, 34(3), 337-338.
[63] Ikram, M.; Khan, M.I. Chemical investigation of
Aesculus indica.
Part II. Fitoterapia, 1978, 49(6), 247-248.
[64] Hubner, G.; Wray, V.; Nahrstedt, A. Flavonol
oligosaccharides
from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum. Planta
Med., 1999, 65,
636-642.
[65] Kapusta, I.; Szajwaj, B.; Stochmal, A.;
Piacente, S.; Pizza, C.;
Franceschi, F.; Franz, C.; Oleszek, W. Flavonoids in
horse chestnut
(Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds and powdered waste water byproducts. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007,
55(21), 8485-8490.
[66] Wei, F.; Ma, S. C.; Ma, L. Y.; But, P. P.; Lin,
R. C.; Khan, I. A.
Antiviral flavonoids from the seeds of Aesculus
chinensis. J. Nat.
Prod., 2004, 67(4), 650-653.
[67] Curir, P.; Galeotti, F.; Dolci, M.; Barile, E.;
Lanzotti, V. Pavietin, a
coumarin from Aesculus pavia with antifungal
activity. J. Nat.
Prod., 2007, 10, 1668-1671.
[68] Kubo, I.; Ying, B. P. Phenolic constituents of
California buckeye
fruit. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(11), 3793-3794.
[69] Morimoto, S.; Nonaka, G. I.; Nishioka, I.
Tannins and related compounds. LIX. Aesculitanins, novel proanthocyanidins with
doublybonded structures from A. hippocastanum L. Chem. Pharm. Bull.,
1987, 35(12), 4717-4729.
[70] Bombardelli, E.; Morazzoni, P.; Griffini, A.
Aesculus hippocastanum L. Fitoterapia, 1996, 67, 483-511.
[71] Simada, H. Constituents of the bark of Aesculus turbinata Blume
(Hippocastanaceae). Yakugaku Zasshi, 1937, 57,
618-623.
[72] Kondo, T.; Ito, H.; Suda, M. Chemical studies
on the bark constituents of Aesculus turbinata. Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi,
1955, 29,
950-952.
[73] Komissarenko, N. F.; Derkach, A. I.;
Komissarenko, A. N.;
Cheremnyova, G. V.; Spiridonov, V. N. Coumarins
of Aesculus
hippocastanum L. Rastitel'nye Resursy, 1994, 30(3),
53-59.
[74] Neamtu, G.; Bodea, C. Chemotaxonomic
investigations on higher
plants. VII. Carotenoid pigments in some species of
Aesculus genus. Studii si Cercetari de Biochimie, 1974, 17(1), 41-46.
[75] Deli, J.; Matus, Z.; Toth, G. Comparative study
on the carotenoids
composition in the buds and flowers of different
Aesculus species.
Chromatographia, 2000, 51(Suppl), S179-S182.
[76] Srijayanta, S.; Raman, A.; Goodwin, B. L. A
Comparative Study of
the Constituents of Aesculus hippocastanum and
Aesculus indica. J.
Med. Food, 1999, 2(2), 45-50.
[77] Singh, B.; Agrawal, P. K.; Thakur, R. S. Long
chain esters of Aesculus indica. J. Nat. Prod., 1989, 52(1), 180-183.
[78] Bhattacharya, M. K.; Ghosh, P. K.; Mukherjee,
K. S. Chemical
investigation of the leaves of Aesculus indica. J.
Ind. Chem. Soc.,
1981, 58(10), 1011-1012.
[79] Chen, X. S.; Chen, D. H.; Si, J. Y.; Tu, G. Z.;
Ma, L. B. Studies on
chemical constituents from the seeds of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.
Yaoxue Xuebao, 2000, 35(3), 198-200.
[80] Domagalski, W.; Schulze, A.; Bandurski, R. S.
Isolation and characterization of esters
of indole-3-acetic acid from the liquid
endosperm of the horse chestnut
(Aesculus species). Plant Physiol.,
1987, 84, 1107-1113.
[81] Fowden, L.; Smith, A. Cyclopropane amino acid
from Aesculus
and Blighia. Phytochemistry, 1969, 8, 437-443.
[82] Fowden, L.; Smith, A. Newly characterized amino
acids from
Aesculus californica. Phytochemistry, 1968, 75(5),
809-819.
[83] Qin, W. J.; Yang, L.; Fan, Z. T.; Zhang, W. J.;
Ma, L. B.; Tu, G.
Z.; Xu, Y. N. Chemical constituents of Aesculus
wilsonii. Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi, 1992, 27(10), 626-629.
[84] Guillaume, M.; Padioleau, V. Veinotonic effect,
vascular protection, antiinflammatory and free radical scavenging properties of
horse chestnut extract. Arzneimittelforschung, 1994,
44, 25-35.
[85] Sato, I.; Kofujita, H.; Suzuki, T.; Kobayashi,
H.; Tsuda, S. Antiinflammatory effect of
Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus
turbinata) seeds. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 2006, 68(5),
487-489.
[86] Muraki, K.; Imaizumi, Y.; Watanabe, M.
Ca-dependent K channels
in smooth muscle cells permeabilized by h-escin
recorded using the
cellattached patch-clamp technique. Pflugers Arch,
1992, 420, 461-
469.
[87] Pearson, P. J.; Vanhoutte, P. M.
Vasodilator and vasoconstrictor
substances produced by the endothelium. Rev.
Physiol. Biochem.
Pharmacol., 1993, 122, 1-67.
[88] Berti, F.; Omini, C.; Longiave, D. The mode of
action of aescin and
the release of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins, 1977,
14, 241-249.
[89] Panigati, D. Farmacologia dell’escina, saponina
dell’Aesculus
hippocastanum L. Parte II. Farmacologia dell’escina.
Capitolo I.
Boll. Chim. Farm., 1992, 131, 242-246.
[90] Matsuda, H.; Li. Y.; Yoshikawa, M. Possible
involvement of 5-HT
and 5-HT2 receptors in acceleration of gastrointestinal transit by
escin Ib in mice. Life Sci., 2000, 66, 2233-2238.
[91] Facino, R. M.; Carini, M.; Stefani, R.; Aldini,
G.; Saibene, L. Antielastase and anti-hyaluronidase activities of saponins and
sapogenins from Hedera helix, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Ruscus aculeatus:
factors contributing to their efficacy in the treatment of venous
insufficiency. Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim),1990, 328, 20-24.
[92] Matsuda, H.; Li, Y.; Murakami, T.; Ninomiya,
K.; Yamahara, J.;
Yoshikawa, M. Effects of escins Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb from horse
chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., on acute
inflammation in animals. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 1997, 20(10), 1092-
1095.
[93] Patlolla, J. M.; Raju, J.; Swamy, M. V.; Rao,
C. V. Beta-escin
inhibits colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in
rats and regulates
the cell cycle growth by inducing p21(waf1/cip1) in
colon cancer
cells. Mol. Cancer Ther., 2006, 5(6), 1459-1466.
[94] Niu, Y. P.; Li, L. D.; Wu, L. M. Beta-aescin: A
potent natural inhibitor of proliferation and inducer of apoptosis in human
chronic
myeloid leukemia K562 cells in vitro. Leuk Lymphoma,
2008,
49(7), 1384-1391.
[95] Niu, Y. P.; Wu, L. M.; Jiang, Y. L.; Wang, W.
X.; Li, L. D. Betaescin, a natural triterpenoid saponin from Chinese horse
chestnut
seeds, depresses HL-60 human leukaemia cell
proliferation and induces apoptosis. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2008, 60(9),
1213-1220.
[96] Zhou, X. Y.; Fu, F. H.; Li, Z.; Dong, Q. J.;
He, J.; Wang, C. H.
Escin, a natural mixture of triterpene saponins,
exhibits antitumor
activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Planta Med., 2009,
75(15), 1580-1585.
[97] Wang, P.; Ownby, S.; Zhang, Z. Z.; Yuan, W.;
Li, S. Y. Cytotoxicity and inhibition of DNA topoispmerase I of polyhydroxylated
triterpenoids and triterpenoid glycosides. Bioorg.
Med. Chem. Lett.,
2010, 20, 2790-2796.
[98] Yang, X. R.; Zhao, B. Z.; Cui, J. R.
Anti-angiogenesis of sodium
aescinate in vivo. Chin. J. New Drugs, 2006, 15(11),
868-870.
[99] Zhao, B. Z.; Yang, X. R.; Guo, W.; Cui, J. R.
Antiangiogenic effect
and possible mechanism of sodium aescinate. Chin. J.
New Drugs,
2007, 16(17), 1357-1360.
[100] Wang, X. H.; Xu, B.; Liu, J. T.; Cui, J. R.
Effect of beta-escin
sodium on endothelial cells proliferation, migration
and apoptosis.
Vascul. Pharmacol., 2008, 49(4-6), 158-165.
[101] Carrasco, O. F.; Vidrio, H. Endothelium protectant
and contractile
effects of
the antivaricose principle escin in rat aorta. Vascul.
Pharmacol., 2007, 47(1), 68-73.
[102] Montopoli, M.; Froldi, G.; Comelli, M. C.;
Prosdocimi, M.; Caparrotta, L. Aescin protection of human vascular endothelial
cells exposed to cobalt chloride mimicked hypoxia and inflammatory stimuli.
Planta Med., 2007, 73(3), 285-288.
[103] Felixsson, E.; Persson, I. A.; Eriksson, A.
C.; Persson, K. Horse
chestnut extract contracts bovine vessels and
affects human platelet
aggregation through 5-HT(2A) receptors: an in vitro study. Phytother.
Res., 2010, DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3103.
[104] Kimura, H.; Ogawa, S.; Katsube, T.; Jisaka,
M.; Yokota, K. Antiobese effects of
novel saponins from edible seeds of
Japanese
horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata Blume) after treatment with
wood ashes. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56(12),
4783-4788.
[105] Hu, J. N.; Zhu, X. M.; Han, L. K.; Saito, M.;
Sun, Y. S.; Yoshikawa, M.; Kimura, Y.; Zheng, Y. N. Anti-obesity effects of
escins
extracted from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata Blume
(Hippocastanaceae). Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2008, 56(1), 12-16.
[106] Sato, I.; Suzuki, T.; Kobayashi, H.; Tsuda, S.
Antioxidative and
antigenotoxic effects of Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus
turbinata) seeds. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 2005, 67(7),
731-734.
[107] Küçükkurt, I.; Ince, S.; Keleş, H.; Akkol, E.
K.; Avci, G.; Yeşilada,
E.; Bacak, E. Beneficial effects of Aesculus
hippocastanum L. seed
extract on the body's own antioxidant defense system
on subacute
administration. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2010, 129(1),
18-22.
[108] Chan, P. K. Acylation with diangeloyl groups
at C21-22 position in
triterpenoid saponins is essential for cytotoxicity towards tumor
cells. Biochem. Pharmacol., 2007, 73, 341-350.
(Contd.)
Comments