Traditional medicinal knowledge about Shield Bug Plautia fimbriata Fab. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding on Asgandh (Withania somnifera) in Chhattisgarh, India. Updated Version.

Traditional medicinal knowledge about Shield Bug Plautia fimbriata Fab. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding on Asgandh (Withania somnifera) in Chhattisgarh, India. Updated Version.

Pankaj Oudhia

Introduction

Entomophagy and Entomotherapy are well known in Asia since generations. Unfortunately not much work has been done to document valuable Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Insects. Pankaj Oudhia is documenting this knowledge since year 1990. The present note “Traditional medicinal knowledge about Shield Bug Plautia fimbriata Fab. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding on Asgandh (Withania somnifera) in Chhattisgarh, India.”  is updated version of his previously published online research document available through pankajoudhia.com.

Keywords: Entomophagy; Entomotherapy; Medicinal Insects; Ayurveda; Chhattisgarh;

Traditional Healing  

The Shield Bug Plautia fimbriata is a common pest of fodder crops. In many parts of Chhattisgarh, it also attacks on other herbs including Asgandh (Withania somnifera). In Chhattisgarh, Asgandh is under cultivation. It also grows in wild. The infestation of Shield Bug is more common in wild population than the cultivated fields. During the Ethno-entomological surveys conducted in different parts of Chhattisgarh, I have observed that many traditional healers use the full fed Bugs as medicine. The traditional healers of Charama region use the Bug powder in treatment of Sukhandi (Marasmus of Children). The adults are collected and dried in shade. After drying, the powder is prepared and kept for future use. In combination with Gud (Jaggery) this powder is given internally to the affected children in small doses. According to the healers, the long term use of this powder gives promising results. Many healers use it as supplement treatment to main treatment of Marasmus. They believe that the internal use of powder helps in proper assimilation of herbal drugs. This use is very popular among the healers. Its popularity among them clearly indicates its efficacy. During the surveys, I got opportunities to meet with the patients getting relief from this powder. The results were encouraging.

New comments added on April 25, 2007

Through recent surveys I have collected information about 35 herbal formulations in which this bug is added as important ingredient. These formulations are used for different purposes from Marasmus to health tonic. I am giving list of these formulations in next section of this article. When I asked the Healers of different regions about its use with Gud in treatment of Marasmus as done by Healers of Charama region, they gave different opinions but most of them informed that any insect must not be given directly to patients especially to child patients. It must be added in herbal combinations having enough number of herbs to nullify its harmful effects. The Healers of Bastar region informed that the full fed bug is having strong tonic like property and its direct use results in many types of reaction in body. Many times the reaction results in form of blisters on skin. This information is very important for the Homoeopathic researchers interested in developing new drugs with the help of medicinal insects. If in crude form this insect is resulting in blister then in potensized form it must treat the same types of blisters due to different reasons. The Healers of Bastar region further informed that when they add it in herbal combinations due to effects of herbs its ‘heat’ reduces. During surveys I noted that many Healers purchase this bug from the herb vendors in powder form due to many reasons. In many places Asgandh is not available. And in places where it is available infestation is not common every year. In such cases they have to depend on herb vendors. They are aware of adulteration practices. But by keeping this powder in mouth they ‘feel’ its ‘heat’ and identify the pure material. The young Healers are also aware of this medicinal insect. They are not eager to use it in herbal combinations. They believe that herbs are enough strong to give desired effects. The use of herbs gives them freedom and they have not to depend on the herb vendors. During surveys I observed this bug in many other species also.

The traditional healers of Dhamtari region boil the freshly collected full fed Bugs in base oil and when all watery contents evaporate the boiling is stopped and special oil is collected. As base oil, Til (Sesame seed) oil is used. This special oil is considered as a boon for the patients having the problem of Insomnia. The oil is massaged gently on soles and forehead as treatment. I have tried this oil many times successfully and satisfied with its performance. During the surveys I have observed that many herb vendors sell this special herbal oil to the healers and patients of neighbouring states. The healers are not much aware of its other medicinal uses.

New comments added on April 26, 2007

The Traditional Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh are also aware of this special oil but they use it less commonly. In simple cases of Insomnia they use Til oil alone and in advanced stage they prefer adding of medicinal herbs like Bacopa monnieri, Evolvulus alsinoides, Celastrus paniculata etc. in Til oil to prepare special oil. In advanced cases they use internal remedies also. They informed that Bug based oil is effective but due to availability of other alternatives this oil is becoming less popular among the Healers. They added that for promising effects it must be prepared by sun method instead of boiling method as the Healers of Dhamtari region are adopting. The Healers of Bastar region informed that they have heard about the use of this oil in treatment of epilepsy from their seniors as the nature of bug is hot. It is having limited use. During attack their seniors were rubbing this oil in sole of the patients. The Healers of present generation are not using it for this purpose. Many of them suggested that one can try new formulation prepared by adding this bug in Trombidium grandissimum based oil used for treatment of paralysis due to cold. It is just their suggestion. They have yet not tried it. As their suggestion I am documenting this comment.

The above mentioned traditional medicinal uses of Plautia fimbriata have yet not been reported in reference literatures. This research article is the first written document on this aspect.

Thank you very much for reading the article.

Plautia fimbriata based Traditional Herbal Formulations used by Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh.           

Herbal Formulation No. 1- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No.2- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Mucuna pruriens+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 3- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Dolichos biflorus+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 4- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Acacia nilotica+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 5- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Tephrosia purpurea+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 6- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cassia tora+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 7- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cassia absus+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 8- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cassia fistula+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 9- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cassia alata+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 10- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cicer arietinum+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 11- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Vigna mungo+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 12- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Tinospora cordifolia+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 13- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Vigna radiata+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 14- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Clitoria ternatea+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 15- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Albizia lebbeck+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 16- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Dalbergia sissoo+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 17- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Bauhinia variegata+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 18- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Bauhinia vahlii+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 19- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Bauhinia tomentosa+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 20- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Pueraria tuberosa+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 21- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ficus religiosa+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 22- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ficus racemosa+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 23- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ficus rumphii+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 24- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ficus virens+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 25- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ficus benghalensis+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 26- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Pterocarpus marsupium+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 27- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Tamarindus indica+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 28- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Madhuca indica+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 29- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cissus quadrangularis+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 30- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Hibiscus rosa-sinensis+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 31- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Vicia hirsuta+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 32- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Cucumis trigonus+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 33- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Ocimum sanctum+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 34- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Asteracantha longifolia+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 35- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Abutilon indicum+Asparagus racemosus

Herbal Formulation No. 36- Plautia fimbriata+Withania somnifera +Mangifera indica+Asparagus racemosus

From these formulations one thing is clear that Withania and Asparagus are integral part of all the formulations. According to the Healers these two herbs are having capacity to nullify the ‘heat’ of this bug. It is really surprising that full fed bug collected from Withania is added with Withania roots.

New comments added on May, 2014

Through recent surveys I have collected information about 1200 Formulations in which Plautia collected from Withania is added as important ingredient. These Formulations are used for treatment of Marasmus. In Pueraria based Formulations Plautia is added as secondary ingredient. In Dioscorea based Formulations Plautia is added as senary ingredient. In Bombax based Formulations it is added as tertiary ingredients. In Curculigo based Formulations it is added as quinary ingredient. In Melia based Formulations of Odisha it is added as septenary ingredient. In Solanum based Formulations of Andhra Pradesh it is added as octonary ingredient. In Helicteres based Formulations of Shorea it is added as nonary ingredient. In Oecophylla based Formulations it is added with wild mushrooms as tertiary ingredient. In Medicinal Orchids based Formulations of Bastar it is added as quinary ingredient. Most of the Traditional Healers add it as secret agent and very rarely inform about it even to their close chelas. They claim that most of the Formulations are considered incomplete without it. Although they suggest many herbal alternatives but always try their best to get it from Withania plants. In Trombidium based Formulations of Chhattisgarh it is added as denary ingredient. The Healers of Odisha informed that it is added in Latoia based Formulations also but after long process of purification.

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Citation

Oudhia, Pankaj (2014). Traditional medicinal knowledge about Shield Bug Plautia fimbriata Fab. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding on Asgandh (Withania somnifera) in Chhattisgarh, India. Updated Version. pankajoudhia.com